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El deseo y la intimidad en la transición: qué cambia y cómo recuperar el bienestar

5 minutos de lectura

El deseo llega con menos frecuencia, las relaciones a veces resultan desagradables o dolorosas, y da apuro hablarlo incluso con el médico. No estás sola: es uno de los cambios más frecuentes de la transición, y de los que mejor se pueden resolver.

Qué cambia en el deseo

En la transición a menudo desaparece el deseo espontáneo, el que surge «solo». No es una avería. En muchas mujeres el deseo es reactivo: llega ya durante la intimidad, no antes, y es una forma sana de deseo.

En el deseo influyen más cosas que las hormonas. Lo que más lo frena es:

Sequedad y molestias: no hay que aguantarlas

La sequedad, el escozor, el dolor en las relaciones, las ganas frecuentes de orinar o las cistitis repetidas afectan a la mitad de las mujeres después de la menopausia o más. Pero apenas se habla de ello: solo aproximadamente la mitad se lo cuenta al médico, y la mayoría no sabe que tiene solución.

Es importante saber que, a diferencia de los sofocos, esto no se pasa solo y con el tiempo tiende a empeorar. Pero responde bien a la ayuda. Y otra cosa: el dolor lleva a evitar la intimidad, y evitarla, a que baje el deseo. Quitar las molestias a menudo significa recuperar también el deseo.

Lo que puedes empezar ya, sin receta

El hidratante y el lubricante son cosas distintas. Se confunden a menudo:

La regularidad importa tanto como el producto: «caro» no significa «eficaz».

Los ejercicios de suelo pélvico y la intimidad o estimulación regulares mantienen el flujo sanguíneo y el bienestar.

Quita los irritantes: jabones y geles íntimos, duchas vaginales, productos perfumados, ropa interior sintética ajustada. Bebe suficiente agua, no fumes.

Qué puede ofrecerte el médico

Si el hidratante y el lubricante no bastan, conviene hablar con el ginecólogo. Hay tratamientos locales, también con dosis bajas de estrógeno: actúan en la zona, apenas pasan a la sangre y, según muchos estudios, reducen claramente tanto la sequedad como los síntomas urinarios. También hay opciones no hormonales. Cuál te conviene lo decide el médico.

Lo que no ayuda

Cuándo ir al médico

Qué probar esta semana

En qué se basa

Este artículo se basa en temas de la base de conocimiento de VIA-L. Estos son los estudios publicados que hay detrás:

  1. Hyaluronic Acid for Vaginal Health and Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2026 doi
  2. Effect of Lactobacillus-Based Probiotics on Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause in Post-Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review — Maturitas, 2026 doi
  3. Vaginal Estrogen Prescription is Associated with Reduced Risk of Serious Adverse Outcomes in Women of All Age Groups with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection: An Epic Cosmos Database Analysis — Urology, 2026 doi
  4. Soy Isoflavone Supplementation and Sexual Function in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — International Journal of Impotence Research, 2026 doi
  5. Cognitive Behavioural Therapeutics for Insomnia Symptoms in the Perimenopause Through to the Early Postmenopausal Period — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2026 doi
  6. Evaluating Tools for Assessing Mental Health Disorders in Perimenopausal Women — International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2026 doi
  7. FIGO Best Practice Recommendations for the Mental Health of Women at Menopausal Age — International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2026 doi
  8. Cognitive-Behavioral, Acceptance-Based, and Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Psychological and Sleep-Related Symptoms During Menopause: A Systematic Review — Acta Psychologica, 2026 doi
  9. Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions for (Peri)menopausal Symptoms: A Scoping Review of Interventions Characteristics and Content — Patient Education and Counseling, 2026 doi
  10. Pathogenesis and Potential Therapies for Perimenopausal Depression: Insights From the Estrogen-Gut Microbiota Axis — Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 2026 doi
  11. Depression — Lancet (London, England), 2026 doi
  12. Recent Advances in the Relationship Between Mental Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women and Estrogen Fluctuations — Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2026 doi
Ver todos (116)
  1. Effect of Saffron on Depression, Anxiety and Mood Disorder: A GRADE Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 34 Randomized Controlled Trials — Nutritional Neuroscience, 2026 doi
  2. Reframing menopause and menopause hormone therapy as opportunities for healthy aging — Science, 2026 doi
  3. Efficacy of Mobile Apps for Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Frontiers in Public Health, 2026 doi
  4. Vaginal lasers for treating stress urinary incontinence in women — Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2025 doi
  5. The Effectiveness of Vitamin D as an Alternative to FDA-approved Treatment and Other Therapies for Managing Vulvovaginal Atrophy and Sexual Inactivity in Postmenopausal Women — International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: The Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2025 doi
  6. Vaginal Estrogen Use in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Recurrence and Mortality Risks — American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2025 doi
  7. The Effect of Pelvic Floor Exercises on the Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 2025 doi
  8. Efficacy of Fractionated Carbon Dioxide Laser for the Treatment of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2025 doi
  9. Updates in Clinical Management of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections — Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2025 doi
  10. Probiotics: Utility, Benefits, and Risks for Gynecologic Conditions — Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2025 doi
  11. Energy-Based Interventions for Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Prospective Observational Studies — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2025 doi
  12. Isoflavones Improve Vaginal Atrophy, Skin Health, and Sex-Related Hormones in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2025 doi
  13. The AUA/SUFU/AUGS Guideline on Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause — The Journal of Urology, 2025 doi
  14. Alternative Treatments to Selected Medications in the 2023 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria® — Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2025 doi
  15. Natural Strategies to Optimize Estrogen Levels in Aging Women: Mini Review — Frontiers in Aging, 2025 doi
  16. An Examination Into the Effects of a Saffron Extract (Affron) on Mood and General Wellbeing in Adults Experiencing Low Mood: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial — The Journal of Nutrition, 2025 doi
  17. Role of Circadian Health in Cardiometabolic Health and Disease Risk: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2025 doi
  18. Effects of different physical activity interventions on depressive symptoms in menopausal women: a systematic review and network meta-analysis — BMC Public Health, 2025 doi
  19. Effects of physical activity on depressive and anxiety symptoms of women in the menopausal transition and menopause: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials — The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2025 doi
  20. Therapeutic Efficacy of Botanicals in Psychological Disorders in Menopausal Women: A Systematic and Scoping Review — Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2025 doi
  21. Exercise as a Therapeutic Strategy for Depression in Menopausal Women: A Metaanalysis of Randomized Trials — Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2025 doi
  22. Pelvic Floor Muscle Training With Feedback or Biofeedback for Urinary Incontinence in Women — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2025 doi
  23. An Empowerment Model for Managing Menopause — Lancet (London, England), 2024 doi
  24. Effectiveness of Prophylactic Oral and/or Vaginal Probiotic Supplementation in the Prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial — Clinical Infectious Diseases : An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2024 doi
  25. Hormonal Treatments and Vaginal Moisturizers for Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause : A Systematic Review — Annals of Internal Medicine, 2024 doi
  26. The Effectiveness of Psychosocial Interventions on Non-Physiological Symptoms of Menopause: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Journal of Affective Disorders, 2024 doi
  27. The Risk of Depression in the Menopausal Stages: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Journal of Affective Disorders, 2024 doi
  28. Neuroendocrine Mechanisms of Mood Disorders During Menopause Transition: A Narrative Review and Future Perspectives — Maturitas, 2024 doi
  29. Promoting Good Mental Health Over the Menopause Transition — Lancet (London, England), 2024 doi
  30. Efficacy and Safety of N-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Depression: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials — The British Journal of Nutrition, 2024 doi
  31. Effects of Mind-Body Exercise on Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2024 doi
  32. "Not feeling like myself" in perimenopause - what does it mean? Observations from the Women Living Better survey — Menopause, 2024 doi
  33. Effectiveness of a Saffron and Withania Supplement on Mood in Women With Mild‐to‐Moderate Anxiety During the COVID‐19 Lockdown — Depression and Anxiety, 2024 doi
  34. Effects of Exercise on Depression and Anxiety in Postmenopausal Women: A Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — BMC Public Health, 2024 doi
  35. Comparisons of Approaches to Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for Urinary Incontinence in Women — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2024 doi
  36. Mechanisms for pelvic floor muscle training: Morphological changes and associations between changes in pelvic floor muscle variables and symptoms of female stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse—A narrative review — Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2024 doi
  37. Pelvic Floor Muscle Training as Treatment for Female sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2024 doi
  38. Pelvic floor muscle training in women with urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse: A protocol study — PloS One, 2024 doi
  39. EMAS Position Statement: Vitamin D and Menopausal Health — Maturitas, 2023 doi
  40. Pelvic Floor Muscle Rehabilitation for Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Why, How and When? — Climacteric : The Journal of the International Menopause Society, 2023 doi
  41. Nonestrogen Therapies for Treatment of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Systematic Review — Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2023 doi
  42. Menopause Hormone Therapy and Urinary Symptoms: A Systematic Review — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2023 doi
  43. Etiology of Recurrent Cystitis in Postmenopausal Women Based on Vaginal Microbiota and the Role of Lactobacillus Vaginal Suppository — Frontiers in Microbiology, 2023 doi
  44. The Role of Vitamin D in Menopausal Women's Health — Frontiers in Physiology, 2023 doi
  45. Premenstrual Disorders, Timing of Menopause, and Severity of Vasomotor Symptoms — JAMA Network Open, 2023 doi
  46. The Role of Magnesium in Sleep Health: A Systematic Review of Available Literature — Biological Trace Element Research, 2023 doi
  47. Effects of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Reducing Anxiety and/or Depression in Adults; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials — Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids, 2023 doi
  48. Efficacy of B-Vitamins and Vitamin D Therapy in Improving Depressive and Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials — Nutritional Neuroscience, 2023 doi
  49. Effects of Nutritional Interventions on the Severity of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms of Women in the Menopausal Transition and Menopause: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2023 doi
  50. The Therapeutic Impact of Plant-Based and Nutritional Supplements on Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Quality Among Adults and Elderly: A Systematic Review of the Literature — International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2023 doi
  51. Management of Menopausal Symptoms: A Review — JAMA, 2023 doi
  52. The effects of an 8‐week hypopressive exercise training program on urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle activation: A randomized controlled trial — Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2023 doi
  53. Effectiveness of Supervised Kegel Exercises Using Bio-Feedback Versus Unsupervised Kegel Exercises on Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Quasi-Experimental Study — International Urogynecology Journal, 2023 doi
  54. Supervised Versus Unsupervised Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in the Treatment of Women With Urinary Incontinence - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — International Urogynecology Journal, 2023 doi
  55. Rethinking Menopausal Hormone Therapy: For Whom, What, When and How long? — Circulation, 2023 doi
  56. Association of Hormone Therapy With Depression During Menopause in a Cohort of Danish Women — JAMA Network Open, 2022 doi
  57. Mood Disorders and Hormonal Status Across Women's Life: A Narrative Review — Gynecological Endocrinology : The Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 2022 doi
  58. The Effect of a Mediterranean Diet on the Symptoms of Depression in Young Males (The "AMMEND: A Mediterranean Diet in MEN With Depression" Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial — The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2022 doi
  59. Association of Magnesium Intake With Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality: Findings From the CARDIA Study — Sleep, 2022 doi
  60. Behavioral Interventions for Improving Sleep Outcomes in Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2022 doi
  61. Conservative Interventions for Treating Urinary Incontinence in Women: An Overview of Cochrane Systematic Reviews — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2022 doi
  62. Adherence to professional society guidelines among women with stress or mixed urinary incontinence — Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2022 doi
  63. Time for a “Pause” on the Use of Vaginal Laser — JAMA, 2021 doi
  64. Effect of Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser vs Sham Treatment on Symptom Severity in Women With Postmenopausal Vaginal Symptoms: A Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA, 2021 doi
  65. Clinical Manifestations and Evaluation of Postmenopausal Vulvovaginal Atrophy — Gynecological Endocrinology : The Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 2021 doi
  66. Hyaluronic Acid in Vulvar and Vaginal Administration: Evidence From a Literature Systematic Review — Climacteric : The Journal of the International Menopause Society, 2021 doi
  67. Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Depression in Adults — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2021 doi
  68. Effect of magnesium and vitamin B6 supplementation on mental health and quality of life in stressed healthy adults: Post‐hoc analysis of a randomised controlled trial — Stress and Health : Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 2021 doi
  69. The Role of Estradiol Fluctuation in the Pathophysiology of Perimenopausal Depression: A Hypothesis Paper — Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2021 doi
  70. Biopsychosocial Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in the Perimenopause-Findings From the Swiss Perimenopause Study — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2021 doi
  71. Chrono-Nutrition: From Molecular and Neuronal Mechanisms to Human Epidemiology and Timed Feeding Patterns — Journal of Neurochemistry, 2021 doi
  72. Electromyographic Biofeedback for Stress Urinary Incontinence or Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Advances in Therapy, 2021 doi
  73. Stress Incontinence in Women — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2021 doi
  74. The 2020 Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause Position Statement of the North American Menopause Society — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2020 doi
  75. Vaginal Energy-Based Devices: Characterization of Adverse Events Based on the Last Decade of MAUDE Safety Reports — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2020 doi
  76. Impact of Estradiol Variability and Progesterone on Mood in Perimenopausal Women With Depressive Symptoms — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2020 doi
  77. Do women have an accurate perception of their pelvic floor muscle contraction? A cross‐sectional study — Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2020 doi
  78. Can abdominal hypropressive technique improve stress urinary incontinence? an assessor‐blinded randomized controlled trial — Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2020 doi
  79. Ability to Contract the Pelvic Floor Muscles and Association With Muscle Function in Incontinent Women — International Urogynecology Journal, 2020 doi
  80. Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training With and Without Electromyographic Biofeedback for Urinary Incontinence in Women: Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial — BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 2020 doi
  81. Effectiveness of Hypopressive Exercises in Women With Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: A Randomised Controlled Trial — Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2020 doi
  82. Lasers and energy‐based devices marketed for vaginal rejuvenation: A cross‐sectional analysis of the MAUDE database — Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 2019 doi
  83. The energy based devices for vaginal “rejuvenation,” urinary incontinence, vaginal cosmetic procedures, and other vulvo‐vaginal disorders: An international multidisciplinary expert panel opinion — Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2019 doi
  84. Vitamin E as Alternative Local Treatment in Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Randomized Controlled Trial — International Urogynecology Journal, 2019 doi
  85. Pelvic Floor Muscle Training as a Treatment for Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Single-Arm Feasibility Study — Maturitas, 2019 doi
  86. Female Sexual Dysfunction: ACOG Practice Bulletin Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician-Gynecologists, Number 213 — Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2019 doi
  87. Healthy Dietary Indices and Risk of Depressive Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies — Molecular Psychiatry, 2019 doi
  88. Efficacy of Omega-3 PUFAs in Depression: A Meta-Analysis — Translational Psychiatry, 2019 doi
  89. Guidelines for the Evaluation and Treatment of Perimenopausal Depression: Summary and Recommendations — Journal of Women's Health (2002), 2019 doi
  90. Management of Depression in Women — Journal of Women's Health (2002), 2019 doi
  91. Effect of Saffron Supplementation on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Nutrition Reviews, 2019 doi
  92. Pelvic floor muscle training is better than hypopressive exercises in pelvic organ prolapse treatment: An assessor‐blinded randomized controlled trial — Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2019 doi
  93. Efficacy of Vaginal Estradiol or Vaginal Moisturizer vs Placebo for Treating Postmenopausal Vulvovaginal Symptoms: A Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Internal Medicine, 2018 doi
  94. An International Urogynecological Association (IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for the assessment of sexual health of women with pelvic floor dysfunction — Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2018 doi
  95. Efficacy of Transdermal Estradiol and Micronized Progesterone in the Prevention of Depressive Symptoms in the Menopause Transition: A Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Psychiatry, 2018 doi
  96. Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Versus No Treatment, or Inactive Control Treatments, for Urinary Incontinence in Women — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2018 doi
  97. Light and energy based therapeutics for genitourinary syndrome of menopause: Consensus and controversies — Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 2017 doi
  98. Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: Management Strategies for the Clinician — Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 2017 doi
  99. Therapeutic Effects of Phytochemicals and Medicinal Herbs on Depression — BioMed Research International, 2017 doi
  100. Use of Plant-Based Therapies and Menopausal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis — JAMA, 2016 doi
  101. Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: An overview of Clinical Manifestations, Pathophysiology, Etiology, Evaluation, And management — American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2016 doi
  102. Local Oestrogen for Vaginal Atrophy in Postmenopausal Women — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016 doi
  103. Ovarian Hormone Fluctuation, Neurosteroids, and HPA Axis Dysregulation in Perimenopausal Depression: A Novel Heuristic Model — The American Journal of Psychiatry, 2015 doi
  104. ACOG Practice Bulletin No — Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2015 doi

La solidez de esta evidencia varía: hay grandes revisiones y metaanálisis, y también estudios pequeños aislados. Los pasos del artículo son medidas sencillas de autocuidado de bajo riesgo, no un tratamiento, y pueden no servir para todos.

Esto es información general, no una prescripción. Las pruebas y el tratamiento los decide un médico.

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