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Por qué crece la cintura aunque el peso apenas cambie

5 minutos de lectura

Comes como antes, pero los vaqueros no abrochan. La báscula marca casi lo mismo, pero la barriga es otra. Les pasa a muchas mujeres en la transición. Y no es «falta de voluntad»: el cuerpo tiene aquí su propia lógica.

Qué está pasando

Cuando baja el estrógeno, el cuerpo responde peor al azúcar, y la grasa empieza a acumularse no en las caderas, sino alrededor de la cintura: en la transición, aproximadamente un 6% más cada año. De ahí tres cosas que parecen separadas pero en realidad son una misma cadena:

El bajón después de comer y los antojos de dulce son la reacción del cuerpo a una subida y bajada del azúcar, no una cuestión de carácter.

Mide la cintura, no el peso

En la transición el peso puede apenas cambiar mientras la grasa alrededor de la cintura aumenta. Por eso la báscula dice poco. La referencia casera más fiable es una cintura menor que la mitad de tu altura: por ejemplo, con 166 cm de altura, menos de 83 cm. Una cintura de unos 88 cm es una señal para prestar atención (en complexión asiática, unos 80 cm). Es una referencia, no un veredicto.

Lo que más influye

Dormir poco. Incluso una o dos horas menos de sueño empeoran claramente cómo el cuerpo maneja el azúcar, sobre todo en las mujeres en la menopausia. El sueño es una palanca del metabolismo, no solo descanso.

Poco trabajo muscular. El músculo es el principal «consumidor» de azúcar. Cuanto menos músculo, más le cuesta al cuerpo.

Los picos de azúcar después de comer. Se pueden suavizar bastante, con el orden de la comida y con movimiento.

Qué hacer

Verduras y proteína antes que los carbohidratos. Empieza la comida con verduras y proteína, y el pan, los cereales o el dulce, después. Esto suaviza el pico de azúcar aproximadamente en un tercio.

Caminar después de comer. 10–15 minutos justo después de comer son una vía aparte por la que los músculos captan el azúcar. Funciona junto con el orden de la comida.

Entrenamiento de fuerza. La palanca principal en la menopausia: el músculo capta el azúcar y no se deja perder con la edad.

Proteína en cada comida y fibra. La proteína sacia y mantiene el músculo; la fibra de verduras, legumbres y cereales integrales suaviza el azúcar.

Cenar pronto. Por la noche el azúcar se mantiene más alto, así que es mejor hacer la comida principal antes. Pero los ayunos estrictos no les sientan bien a las mujeres en la transición.

Menos azúcar refinado, menos bebidas azucaradas y menos alcohol.

Sobre el hígado

Un acompañante silencioso frecuente de la cintura que crece es la grasa en el hígado. Normalmente no da síntomas, y los análisis hepáticos habituales pueden salir bien. No hacen falta «limpiezas» ni «détox»: funcionan los mismos pasos: cintura, comida natural, fuerza, menos azúcar y alcohol. Un médico puede valorar el riesgo.

¿Y los suplementos para adelgazar?

Los suplementos «para adelgazar» no tienen respaldo, y las mezclas con extracto de té verde pueden dañar el hígado. Lo que funciona es la proteína en cada comida y la fibra de los alimentos.

Cuándo ir al médico

Mucha sed, orinar a menudo, pérdida de peso brusca sin motivo, episodios de mareo: son motivos para ir al médico y revisar el azúcar.

Qué probar esta semana

En qué se basa

Este artículo se basa en temas de la base de conocimiento de VIA-L. Estos son los estudios publicados que hay detrás:

  1. Cognitive Behavioural Therapeutics for Insomnia Symptoms in the Perimenopause Through to the Early Postmenopausal Period — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2026 doi
  2. Menopause hormone therapy and type 2 diabetes risk and prognosis: systematic review and meta-analyses — Diabetologia, 2026 doi
  3. Effect of Low-Carbohydrate vs Low-Fat Diet Intervention on Visceral Fat Estimated From Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in a 12-Month Randomized Controlled Trial — International Journal of Obesity (2005), 2026 doi
  4. A Digital Mindfulness Intervention Improves Sleep Efficiency and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults — Scientific Reports, 2026 doi
  5. Nutritional Modulators of Sleep: A Narrative Review of Vitamins, Minerals, Amino Acids, and Their Neurobiological and Chronoepigenetic Mechanisms — Chronobiology International, 2026 doi
  6. The Relationship Between Dynamic Changes in the Insulin Resistance–Related Indices and Metabolic Syndrome in Middle‐Aged and Elderly Population — International Journal of Endocrinology, 2026 doi
  7. Real-World Safety Profile of Fezolinetant: A Disproportionality Analysis Based on the FAERS Database — Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2026 doi
  8. Integrative Approaches to Perimenopause — The American Journal of Medicine, 2026 doi
  9. Effect of Lactobacillus-Based Probiotics on Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause in Post-Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review — Maturitas, 2026 doi
  10. Hepatic Adverse Event Signals of Fezolinetant in Real-World Use Based on Postmarketing Surveillance — Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2026 doi
  11. Integrative Medicine Approaches for Menopause — Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2026 doi
  12. Reframing menopause and menopause hormone therapy as opportunities for healthy aging — Science, 2026 doi
Ver todos (169)
  1. Dietary Patterns Associated With Anti-Inflammatory Effects: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses — Nutrition Reviews, 2026 doi
  2. Sex Matters: Hormonal and Chromosomal Determinants of Autoimmunity and Anti‐Cancer Immunity Across the Lifespan — Immunological Reviews, 2026 doi
  3. Effects of Exercise Intensity and Volume on Systemic Inflammation in Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis — Frontiers in Immunology, 2026 doi
  4. The Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Patients — Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2025 doi
  5. Health of Adipose Tissue: Oestrogen Matters — Endocrinology, 2025 doi
  6. Positive Impact of a 10-Min Walk Immediately After Glucose Intake on Postprandial Glucose Levels — Scientific Reports, 2025 doi
  7. Combined Myo-Inositol and Banaba (1% Corosolic Acid) Improve HOMA-IR and Hepatic Insulin Extraction Index in Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women — Gynecological Endocrinology : The Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 2025 doi
  8. Hormone Therapy and Insulin Resistance in Non-Diabetic Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Climacteric : The Journal of the International Menopause Society, 2025 doi
  9. Role of Circadian Health in Cardiometabolic Health and Disease Risk: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2025 doi
  10. Effectiveness of 2 Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions for Reducing Stress and Stabilizing Cardiac Autonomic Function: Microrandomized Trials — Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2025 doi
  11. Efficacy and Safety of Berberine on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials — Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2025 doi
  12. Chrononutrition Interventions for Mental Health: Addressing Atypical Depression, Ultra-Processed Food Use Disorder, and Circadian Dysregulation — Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2025 doi
  13. FDA Approves Nonhormonal Treatment for Menopausal Hot Flashes — JAMA, 2025 doi
  14. Nonhormonal Treatment of Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms — JAMA Internal Medicine, 2025 doi
  15. Elinzanetant for the Treatment of Vasomotor Symptoms Associated With Menopause: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Internal Medicine, 2025 doi
  16. Self-Administered Hypnosis vs Sham Hypnosis for Hot Flashes — JAMA Network Open, 2025 doi
  17. Safety of Fezolinetant for Treatment of Moderate to Severe Vasomotor Symptoms Due to Menopause: Pooled Analysis of Three Randomized Phase 3 Studies — Advances in Therapy, 2025 doi
  18. Advances in Pharmacotherapy for Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms — Drugs, 2025 doi
  19. Effect of Soy Isoflavones on Measures of Estrogenicity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2025 doi
  20. Evidence-Based Guideline: Premature Ovarian Insufficiency — Fertility and Sterility, 2025 doi
  21. The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Menopausal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Journal of Affective Disorders, 2025 doi
  22. The Role of Lifestyle Medicine in Menopausal Health: A Review of Non-Pharmacologic Interventions — Climacteric : The Journal of the International Menopause Society, 2025 doi
  23. European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline for Evaluation and Management of Menopause and the Perimenopause — European Journal of Endocrinology, 2025 doi
  24. Fezolinetant and Elinzanetant Therapy for Menopausal Women Experiencing Vasomotor Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2025 doi
  25. Gut Microbiota Has the Potential to Improve Health of Menopausal Women by Regulating Estrogen — Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2025 doi
  26. Natural Strategies to Optimize Estrogen Levels in Aging Women: Mini Review — Frontiers in Aging, 2025 doi
  27. Effects of Soy Isoflavones on Menopausal Symptoms in Perimenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — PeerJ, 2025 doi
  28. Immunomodulatory Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Mechanistic Insights and Health Implications — Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2025 doi
  29. Uncovering Anti-Inflammatory Natural Products That Synergize With Supplemented Omega-3 PUFA for Eliciting Endogenous Inflammation Resolution Signals — Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie, 2025 doi
  30. Immunometabolic Insights Into Women's Health Across All Ages — Maturitas, 2025 doi
  31. Mediterranean Diet Reduces Inflammation in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Nutrition Reviews, 2025 doi
  32. Assessing Systemic Inflammation and Its Prognostic Value: Glasgow Prognostic Score, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio or Other Options? — Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 2025 doi
  33. The Effects of the Mediterranean Diet Supplemented With Olive Oils on Pro-Inflammatory Biomarkers and Soluble Adhesion Molecules: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Nutrition & Metabolism, 2025 doi
  34. Chromium Supplementation and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Extensive Systematic Review — Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2024 doi
  35. The Effect of Berberine Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Metabolic Disorders: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Clinical Therapeutics, 2024 doi
  36. Relationship Between Physical Activity and Abdominal Obesity and Metabolic Markers in Postmenopausal Women — Scientific Reports, 2024 doi
  37. Metabolic benefits afforded by estradiol and testosterone in both sexes: clinical considerations — The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2024 doi
  38. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Diabetes in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2024 doi
  39. Chronic Insufficient Sleep in Women Impairs Insulin Sensitivity Independent of Adiposity Changes: Results of a Randomized Trial — Diabetes Care, 2024 doi
  40. An Empowerment Model for Managing Menopause — Lancet (London, England), 2024 doi
  41. "Not feeling like myself" in perimenopause - what does it mean? Observations from the Women Living Better survey — Menopause, 2024 doi
  42. Mapping Global Prevalence of Menopausal Symptoms Among Middle-Aged Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — BMC Public Health, 2024 doi
  43. The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on C-Reactive Protein and Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials — Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2024 doi
  44. The Effects of Curcumin Supplementation on Biomarkers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Endothelial Function: A Meta-Analysis of Meta-Analyses — Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, 2024 doi
  45. Comparison of the stability of glycoprotein acetyls and high sensitivity C ‐reactive protein as markers of chronic inflammation — Immunology, 2024 doi
  46. Association Between Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and IL-6、TNF-α: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis — Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 2024 doi
  47. Effects of transdermal versus oral hormone replacement therapy in postmenopause: a systematic review — Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2023 doi
  48. After Dinner Rest a While, After Supper Walk a Mile? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis on the Acute Postprandial Glycemic Response to Exercise Before and After Meal Ingestion in Healthy Subjects and Patients With Impaired Glucose Tolerance — Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2023 doi
  49. Effects of Exercise Training on Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in Post-Menopausal Women - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials — Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2023 doi
  50. Chromium Supplementation to Reduce Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Novel Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials — Advances, 2023 doi
  51. Overall and Sex-Specific Effect of Berberine on Glycemic and Insulin-Related Traits: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — The Journal of Nutrition, 2023 doi
  52. Ordered Eating and Its Effects on Various Postprandial Health Markers: A Systematic Review — J Am Nutr Assoc, 2023 doi
  53. Effect of Resistance Training and High-Intensity Interval Training on Metabolic Parameters and Serum Level of Sirtuin1 in Postmenopausal Women With Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial — Lipids in Health and Disease, 2023 doi
  54. Effect of Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy on Glucose Regulation in Women With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Diabetes Care, 2023 doi
  55. Diagnostic Markers of Insulin Resistance to Discriminate Between Prediabetes and Diabetes in Menopausal Women — European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2023 doi
  56. The Effects of Exercise Training on Body Composition in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2023 doi
  57. Eating Vegetables First Regardless of Eating Speed Has a Significant Reducing Effect on Postprandial Blood Glucose and Insulin in Young Healthy Women: Randomized Controlled Cross-Over Study — Nutrients, 2023 doi
  58. Management of Menopausal Symptoms: A Review — JAMA, 2023 doi
  59. Premenstrual Disorders, Timing of Menopause, and Severity of Vasomotor Symptoms — JAMA Network Open, 2023 doi
  60. Fezolinetant: First Approval — Drugs, 2023 doi
  61. EMAS Position Statement: Vitamin D and Menopausal Health — Maturitas, 2023 doi
  62. Resistance Training for Postmenopausal Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2023 doi
  63. A Dietary Intervention for Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause: A Randomized, Controlled Trial — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2023 doi
  64. Black Cohosh Extracts in Women With Menopausal Symptoms: An Updated Pairwise Meta-Analysis — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2023 doi
  65. The 2023 Nonhormone Therapy Position Statement of the North American Menopause Society — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2023 doi
  66. Rethinking Menopausal Hormone Therapy: For Whom, What, When and How long? — Circulation, 2023 doi
  67. Effect of hysterectomy on ovarian function: a systematic review and meta-analysis — J Ovarian Res, 2023 doi
  68. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Curcumin/Turmeric Supplementation in Adults: A GRADE-assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Cytokine, 2023 doi
  69. Moderate Intensity Walking Exercises Reduce the Body Mass Index and Vascular Inflammatory Factors in Postmenopausal Women With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial — Scientific Reports, 2023 doi
  70. The Causal Associations of Altered Inflammatory Proteins With Sleep Duration, Insomnia and Daytime Sleepiness — Sleep, 2023 doi
  71. Profiling Inflammatory Biomarkers Following Curcumin Supplementation: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials — Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, 2023 doi
  72. Probiotics Fortify Intestinal Barrier Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials — Frontiers in Immunology, 2023 doi
  73. Hormone Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions in Postmenopausal Persons: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force — JAMA, 2022 doi
  74. Effectiveness of Early Time-Restricted Eating for Weight Loss, Fat Loss, and Cardiometabolic Health in Adults With Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Internal Medicine, 2022 doi
  75. Micronutrient Supplementation to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2022 doi
  76. Effects of Time-Restricted Feeding With Different Feeding Windows on Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review of Human Studies — Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2022 doi
  77. Would you like to explore the evidence for menopausal hormone therapy as a cardiovascular risk modifier, including the "timing hypothesis" and the distinction between early initiation (Menopause: A Cardiometabolic Transition — Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2022 doi
  78. The Interplay Between Diabetes Mellitus and Menopause: Clinical Implications — Endocrinology, 2022 doi
  79. Current Research: Effect of Time Restricted Eating on Weight and Cardiometabolic Health — The Journal of Physiology, 2022 doi
  80. Time Restricted Eating for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes — The Journal of Physiology, 2022 doi
  81. Efficacy of Cognitive Therapy and Behavior Therapy for Menopausal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Psychological Medicine, 2022 doi
  82. Effects of Exercise on Vasomotor Symptoms in Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Climacteric : The Journal of the International Menopause Society, 2022 doi
  83. Results of a Pilot Study of a Cooling Mattress Pad to Reduce Vasomotor Symptoms and Improve Sleep — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2022 doi
  84. Resistance Training Reduced Luteinising Hormone Levels in Postmenopausal Women in a Substudy of a Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial: A Clue to How Resistance Training Reduced Vasomotor Symptoms — PloS One, 2022 doi
  85. Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation as an Adjunct Therapy for Improving Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis — Pharmacological Research, 2022 doi
  86. Effects of Dietary Patterns on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Immune Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2022 doi
  87. Effect of Anti-Inflammatory Diets on Inflammation Markers in Adult Human Populations: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials — Nutrition Reviews, 2022 doi
  88. Management of Obesity in Cardiovascular Practice: JACC Focus Seminar — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021 doi
  89. Changes in Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Phenotype Following Menopause Is Associated With Increased Visceral Fat Mass — Scientific Reports, 2021 doi
  90. Chrono-Nutrition: From Molecular and Neuronal Mechanisms to Human Epidemiology and Timed Feeding Patterns — Journal of Neurochemistry, 2021 doi
  91. The Effect of Berberine on Metabolic Profiles in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2021 doi
  92. Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2021 doi
  93. The Effect of Vitamin MK-7 on Bone Mineral Density and Microarchitecture in Postmenopausal Women With Osteopenia, a 3-Year Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial — Osteoporosis International : A Journal Established as Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2021 doi
  94. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Menopausal Symptoms — Climacteric : The Journal of the International Menopause Society, 2021 doi
  95. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators, and Targeting Inflammation Resolution in the Age of Precision Nutrition — Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 2021 doi
  96. The Impact of Exercise Training on Inflammatory Markers in Postmenopausal Women: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis — Experimental Gerontology, 2021 doi
  97. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Oral Supplementation With Curcumin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Nutrition Reviews, 2021 doi
  98. Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation: A Door to the Body — Frontiers in Immunology, 2021 doi
  99. Common and Novel Markers for Measuring Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Ex Vivo in Research and Clinical Practice-Which to Use Regarding Disease Outcomes? — Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021 doi
  100. A Pesco-Mediterranean Diet With Intermittent Fasting: JACC Review Topic of the Week — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2020 doi
  101. Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Pharmacological Research, 2020 doi
  102. Menopause Transition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Implications for Timing of Early Prevention: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2020 doi
  103. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training or High-Intensity Interval Training With or Without Resistance Training for Altering Body Composition in Postmenopausal Women — Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2020 doi
  104. The Effect of Oral Capsule of Curcumin and Vitamin E on the Hot Flashes and Anxiety in Postmenopausal Women: A Triple Blind Randomised Controlled Trial — Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 2020 doi
  105. Altered Activity of Xenobiotic Detoxifying Enzymes at Menopause - A Cross-Sectional Study — Environmental Research, 2020 doi
  106. Calcium, Vitamin D, Vitamin K2, and Magnesium Supplementation and Skeletal Health — Maturitas, 2020 doi
  107. Hormone Therapy for Postmenopausal Women — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2020 doi
  108. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis-2020 Update — Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, 2020 doi
  109. Interactions of Probiotics and Prebiotics With the Gut Microbiota — Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science, 2020 doi
  110. N-3 PUFA and Inflammation: From Membrane to Nucleus and From Bench to Bedside — The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 2020 doi
  111. Inflammatory Marker Changes in a 24-Month Dietary and Physical Activity Randomised Intervention Trial in Postmenopausal Women — Scientific Reports, 2020 doi
  112. The Peri-Menopause in a Woman's Life: A Systemic Inflammatory Phase That Enables Later Neurodegenerative Disease — Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2020 doi
  113. Increased Systemic Inflammation and Altered Distribution of T-Cell Subsets in Postmenopausal Women — PloS One, 2020 doi
  114. Impact of different timing of consuming sweet snack on postprandial glucose excursions in healthy women — Diabetes Metab, 2019 doi
  115. Soy Intake and Vasomotor Menopausal Symptoms Among Midlife Women: A Pooled Analysis of Five Studies From the InterLACE Consortium — European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2019 doi
  116. Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2019 doi
  117. Implications of Sleep Disturbance and Inflammation for Alzheimer's Disease Dementia — Neurology, 2019 doi
  118. Cultivating a healthy neuro‐immune network: A health psychology approach — Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2019 doi
  119. The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease — Physiological Reviews, 2019 doi
  120. Chromium Supplementation for Adjuvant Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Results From a Pooled Analysis — Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2018 doi
  121. Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress Even Without Weight Loss in Men With Prediabetes — Cell Metabolism, 2018 doi
  122. Positive Psychological Well-Being and Cardiovascular Disease: JACC Health Promotion Series — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2018 doi
  123. Weight Loss and Metabolic Health Effects From Energy-Restricted Mediterranean and Central-European Diets in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial — Scientific Reports, 2018 doi
  124. Effects of Mind⁻Body Exercises (Tai Chi/Yoga) on Heart Rate Variability Parameters and Perceived Stress: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2018 doi
  125. Effect of Omega-3 Supplements on Vasomotor Symptoms in Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, 2018 doi
  126. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) or Psychoeducation for the Reduction of Menopausal Symptoms: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial — Scientific Reports, 2018 doi
  127. Evidence-Based Nutritional and Pharmacological Interventions Targeting Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation in Middle-Age and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Ageing Research Reviews, 2018 doi
  128. Isolated Vitamin D Supplementation Improves the Immune-Inflammatory Biomarkers in Younger Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial — Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2018 doi
  129. Hormone Therapy for the Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions in Postmenopausal Women: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement — JAMA, 2017 doi
  130. Nutraceutical Approaches to Metabolic Syndrome — Annals of Medicine, 2017 doi
  131. Effects of low‐to‐moderate alcohol supplementation on urinary estrogen metabolites in postmenopausal women in a controlled feeding study — Cancer Medicine, 2017 doi
  132. Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Systemic Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2017 doi
  133. Advice to Walk After Meals Is More Effective for Lowering Postprandial Glycaemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Than Advice That Does Not Specify Timing: A Randomised Crossover Study — Diabetologia, 2016 doi
  134. Fasting or Nonfasting Lipid Measurements: It Depends on the Question — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2016 doi
  135. Use of Plant-Based Therapies and Menopausal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis — JAMA, 2016 doi
  136. Sleep Disturbance, Sleep Duration, and Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies and Experimental Sleep Deprivation — Biological Psychiatry, 2016 doi
  137. Sleep Duration and Quality: Impact on Lifestyle Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2016 doi
  138. Long-Term Immunomodulatory Effects of a Mediterranean Diet in Adults at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the PREvención Con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Randomized Controlled Trial — The Journal of Nutrition, 2016 doi
  139. Nutrients other than carbohydrates: their effects on glucose homeostasis in humans — Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 2015 doi
  140. The CardioMetabolic Health Alliance: Working Toward a New Care Model for the Metabolic Syndrome — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2015 doi
  141. Duration of menopausal vasomotor symptoms over the menopause transition — JAMA Intern Med, 2015 doi
  142. Effects of a New Flavonoid and Myo‐Inositol Supplement on Some Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Risk in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Trial — International Journal of Endocrinology, 2014 doi
  143. Exercise for vasomotor menopausal symptoms — Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2014 doi
  144. Probing the Impact of Sex Steroids and Menopause-Related Sex Steroid Deprivation on Modulation of Immune Senescence — Maturitas, 2014 doi
  145. Fruit, Mediterranean-Style, and High-Fat and -Sugar Diets Are Associated With the Risk of Night Sweats and Hot Flushes in Midlife: Results From a Prospective Cohort Study — The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2013 doi
  146. Sleep Loss as a Factor to Induce Cellular and Molecular Inflammatory Variations — Clinical & Developmental Immunology, 2013 doi
  147. Effects of a Caloric Restriction Weight Loss Diet and Exercise on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Overweight/Obese Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial — Cancer Research, 2012 doi
  148. Perceived Control, Lifestyle, Health, Socio-Demographic Factors and Menopause: Impact on Hot Flashes and Night Sweats — Maturitas, 2011 doi
  149. Nontraditional Risk Factors and Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanistic, Research, and Clinical Considerations for Youth: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2011 doi
  150. Acute Emotional Stress and Cardiac Arrhythmias — JAMA, 2007 doi
  151. Pathophysiology and Treatment of Menopausal Hot Flashes — Seminars in Reproductive Medicine, 2005 doi
  152. CDC/AHA Workshop on Markers of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: Application to Clinical and Public Health Practice: Report From the Laboratory Science Discussion Group — Circulation, 2004 doi
  153. Is This Woman Perimenopausal? — JAMA, 2003 doi
  154. Effects of peroral and transdermal oestrogen replacement therapy on glucose and insulin metabolism — Clinical Endocrinology, 2001 doi
  155. Effects of Continuous Estrogen and Estrogen-Progestin Replacement Regimens on Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Postmenopausal Women — Archives of Internal Medicine, 2000 doi
  156. Diagnostic Role of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Measurements During the Menopausal Transition--an Analysis of FSH, Oestradiol and Inhibin — European Journal of Endocrinology, 1994 doi
  157. The Association Between Moderate Alcoholic Beverage Consumption and Serum Estradiol and Testosterone Levels in Normal Postmenopausal Women: Relationship to the Literature — Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 1992 doi

La solidez de esta evidencia varía: hay grandes revisiones y metaanálisis, y también estudios pequeños aislados. Los pasos del artículo son medidas sencillas de autocuidado de bajo riesgo, no un tratamiento, y pueden no servir para todos.

Esto es información general, no una prescripción. Las pruebas y el tratamiento los decide un médico.

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