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La próstata después de los 40: qué es normal, qué se trata y cuándo ir al médico

5 minutos de lectura

Por la noche tienes que levantarte a orinar. El chorro es más débil y después notas que no te has vaciado del todo. El pensamiento que preocupa: «¿y si es cáncer?». Casi siempre es otra cosa: algo frecuente, benigno y que responde bien a la ayuda.

Qué pasa

Con la edad, la próstata crece en casi todos los hombres. Es un aumento benigno (HBP), y por sí solo no es una enfermedad. Hay que tratarlo cuando los síntomas molestan, impiden hacer vida normal o ponen en riesgo la vejiga y los riñones.

Los síntomas son de dos tipos:

No es cáncer

Los síntomas urinarios casi siempre vienen del aumento benigno, mientras que el cáncer de próstata temprano normalmente no da síntomas. Por eso «tener síntomas» no significa «cáncer», y «no tener síntomas» no significa «estar a salvo». El aumento benigno no sube el riesgo de cáncer.

Levantarse por la noche: no siempre es la próstata

Si te levantas más de dos veces por la noche y además roncas y tienes sueño de día, la causa puede ser la apnea del sueño. Más en el artículo «El sueño después de los 40».

Lo que funciona: tan eficaz como los medicamentos

La fuerza está en combinar los pasos, no en cada uno por separado:

La cintura. La grasa de más alrededor de la cintura y una mala respuesta al azúcar empujan el crecimiento de la próstata. Reducir la cintura es el objetivo con más impacto.

¿Y los suplementos «para la próstata»?

Los «complejos para la próstata» suelen estar hechos justo de esto. El peligro principal es el tiempo perdido antes de una ayuda real.

Lo que puede ofrecer el médico

Hay pastillas que alivian rápido la micción y pastillas que reducen la próstata. Las segundas tienen dos puntos importantes: bajan el PSA más o menos a la mitad (el médico tiene que tenerlo en cuenta), y con ellas puede bajar el ánimo: si pasa, díselo al médico enseguida. Hay un medicamento que ayuda a la vez a la próstata y a la erección, pero no se puede combinar con nitratos. Se elige con un urólogo, según tus prioridades.

El PSA, una decisión personal

El PSA se hace después de hablarlo con un médico: tiene beneficio, pero pequeño, y bastantes biopsias y preocupaciones innecesarias. El PSA también sube por causas que no son cáncer: el aumento de la próstata, una inflamación, una eyaculación reciente. Si hay cáncer de próstata en tu familia o eres de origen africano, coméntalo antes.

Cuidado con los medicamentos para el resfriado

Los productos «para la nariz tapada» con pseudoefedrina o fenilefrina y las pastillas «de noche» con difenhidramina pueden causar retención de orina. Los antialérgicos más nuevos son más seguros.

Cuándo ir al médico, con urgencia

Qué probar esta semana

En qué se basa

Este artículo se basa en temas de la base de conocimiento de VIA-L. Estos son los estudios publicados que hay detrás:

  1. Efficacy of Serenoa repens Extract Combined With Alfuzosin Versus Alfuzosin Alone in Men With Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Multicenter Randomized Study — The Prostate, 2026 doi
  2. Deciphering the Role of Zinc in Prostate Health: From Mechanism to Therapeutic Application — Biochemical Pharmacology, 2026 doi
  3. SRD5A2 and emerging therapies in androgen-driven disorders — Urology, 2026 doi
  4. Management of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Attributed to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: AUA Guideline (2026) Part I: Presentation and Evaluation — The Journal of Urology, 2026 doi
  5. Impact of an Interdisciplinary Weight Loss and Lifestyle Intervention on Testosterone and Scores for Sexual Activity on the FOSQ in Men With Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Secondary Analyses of Data From the INTERAPNEA Randomized Trial — Maturitas, 2026 doi
  6. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Novel Antidiabetic Agents in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Network Meta-Analysis — Respiratory Medicine, 2026 doi
  7. Glucagon-Like Receptor Agonists and Next-Generation Incretin-Based Medications: Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Renal Benefits — Lancet (London, England), 2026 doi
  8. Nutritional Modulators of Sleep: A Narrative Review of Vitamins, Minerals, Amino Acids, and Their Neurobiological and Chronoepigenetic Mechanisms — Chronobiology International, 2026 doi
  9. Impact of GLP-1 and Dual Agonists on the Incidence Of new Cases of Physician-Reported Sleep Apnea: A Real-World Study — Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 2026 doi
  10. Dietary Protocols to Promote and Improve Restful Sleep: A Narrative Review — Nutrition Reviews, 2026 doi
  11. The Role of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and CPAP Therapy in the Functional Hypogonadism of Male Patients With Severe Obesity — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2026 doi
  12. Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Adults — JAMA, 2026 doi
Ver todos (172)
  1. The Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Α Gene Expression, and DNA Damage in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial — Biological Trace Element Research, 2026 doi
  2. Do the Effects of Early Time-Restricted Eating Vary by Cardiometabolic Phenotype, Age, Sex, or Race? A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial — The Journal of Nutrition, 2026 doi
  3. Hormonal Modulation With Withania Somnifera: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled Trials — Planta Medica, 2026 doi
  4. Efficacy of Exercise-Based Interventions for Metabolic Syndrome: An Umbrella Review With Meta-Analyses — Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2026 doi
  5. 4 — Diabetes Care, 2026 doi
  6. Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men — JAMA, 2025 doi
  7. Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men: A Review — JAMA, 2025 doi
  8. The Mediterranean Diet and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Pathway to Improved Urinary Health — The Prostate, 2025 doi
  9. Signal detection Between 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors and the Risk of Suicidality and Depression: An International Pharmacovigilance Analysis — European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2025 doi
  10. Role of Zinc Homeostasis in the Prevention of Prostate Diseases — Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2025 doi
  11. Beliefs and counseling practices among dermatologists regarding sexual and other adverse effects of finasteride — International Journal of Impotence Research, 2025 doi
  12. Post-finasteride syndrome - a true clinical entity? — International Journal of Impotence Research, 2025 doi
  13. Multidimensional assessment of adverse events of finasteride:a real-world pharmacovigilance analysis based on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from 2004 to April 2024 — PloS One, 2025 doi
  14. Pine-Extracted Phytosterol Β-Sitosterol (APOPROSTAT® Forte) Inhibits Both Human Prostate Smooth Muscle Contraction and Prostate Stromal Cell Growth, Without Cytotoxic Effects: A Mechanistic Link to Clinical Efficacy in LUTS/BPH — Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2025 doi
  15. Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea — JAMA Internal Medicine, 2025 doi
  16. Unraveling the Connection Between the Mediterranean Diet and Sleep Health: From Biological Mechanisms to Clinical Implications — Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2025 doi
  17. Magnesium Is a Key Trace Element in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization Analysis and NHANES Database — Respiratory Medicine, 2025 doi
  18. The Effects of L-Theanine Consumption on Sleep Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2025 doi
  19. Efficacy of Incretin-Based Therapies in Obesity-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2025 doi
  20. Examining the Effect of L-Theanine on Sleep: A Systematic Review of Dietary Supplementation Trials — Nutritional Neuroscience, 2025 doi
  21. The Effect of Mediterranean Diet and Chrononutrition on Sleep Quality: A Scoping Review — Nutrition Journal, 2025 doi
  22. Effects of Testosterone Deficiency and Therapy on the Cardiometabolic Syndrome in Men — The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2025 doi
  23. The Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Patients — Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2025 doi
  24. Metabolic Effects of Testosterone Added to Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in Older Men With Obesity and Hypogonadism — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2025 doi
  25. Efficacy and Safety of Berberine on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials — Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2025 doi
  26. The effect of pelvic floor muscle training in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia and overactive bladder — World Journal of Urology, 2024 doi
  27. Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: The Underlying Molecular Connection — Life Sciences, 2024 doi
  28. Treatment of OSA and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease, Part 2: JACC State-of-the-Art Review — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2024 doi
  29. Sleep Disorders — NEJM Evidence, 2024 doi
  30. Tirzepatide for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2024 doi
  31. Exploring the Link Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Review — Journal of Sleep Research, 2024 doi
  32. Effect of Testosterone on Progression From Prediabetes to Diabetes in Men With Hypogonadism: A Substudy of the TRAVERSE Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Internal Medicine, 2024 doi
  33. Chromium Supplementation and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Extensive Systematic Review — Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2024 doi
  34. The Effect of Berberine Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Metabolic Disorders: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Clinical Therapeutics, 2024 doi
  35. Intermittent Fasting and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Randomised Controlled Trials — EClinicalMedicine, 2024 doi
  36. Effectiveness of Stress Management Interventions to Change Cortisol Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2024 doi
  37. Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Factors of a Low- Vs High-Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet in High Cardiometabolic Risk Individuals: The MEDGI-Carb Study — European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2024 doi
  38. Effects of Various Exercise Types on Visceral Adipose Tissue in Individuals With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 84 Randomized Controlled Trials — Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2024 doi
  39. Prostate Safety Events During Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism: A Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Network Open, 2023 doi
  40. Serenoa Repens for the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Due to Benign Prostatic Enlargement — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2023 doi
  41. "Nocturia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Systematic Review" — Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2023 doi
  42. Suicidal risk associated with finasteride versus dutasteride among men treated for benign prostatic hyperplasia: nationwide cohort study — Scientific Reports, 2023 doi
  43. Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: AUA/SUO Guideline Part I: Prostate Cancer Screening — The Journal of Urology, 2023 doi
  44. How Would You Manage This Patient With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia? : Grand Rounds Discussion From Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center — Annals of Internal Medicine, 2023 doi
  45. Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Serum Total Testosterone: A System Review and Meta-Analysis — Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2023 doi
  46. The Role of Magnesium in Sleep Health: A Systematic Review of Available Literature — Biological Trace Element Research, 2023 doi
  47. Sustained Improvements in the Cardiometabolic Profile of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea After a Weight-Loss Mediterranean Diet/Lifestyle Intervention: 12-Month Follow-Up (6 Months Post-Intervention) of the "MIMOSA" Randomized Clinical Trial — Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD, 2023 doi
  48. The Effects of Sleep Deprivation and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome on Male Reproductive Function: A Multi-Arm Randomised Trial — Journal of Sleep Research, 2023 doi
  49. Nutritional Modulation of Sleep Latency, Duration, and Efficiency: A Randomized, Repeated-Measures, Double-Blind Deception Study — Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2023 doi
  50. Metabolic Syndrome and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study — Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 2023 doi
  51. Overall and Sex-Specific Effect of Berberine on Glycemic and Insulin-Related Traits: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — The Journal of Nutrition, 2023 doi
  52. AASLD Practice Guidance on the Clinical Assessment and Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease — Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2023 doi
  53. Association of 5α-Reductase Inhibitors With Dementia, Depression, and Suicide — JAMA Network Open, 2022 doi
  54. International Continence Society (ICS) report on the terminology for sexual health in men with lower urinary tract (LUT) and pelvic floor (PF) dysfunction — Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2022 doi
  55. Effect of an Interdisciplinary Weight Loss and Lifestyle Intervention on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity: The INTERAPNEA Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Network Open, 2022 doi
  56. Sleep, testosterone and cortisol balance, and ageing men — Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders, 2022 doi
  57. Association of Magnesium Intake With Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality: Findings From the CARDIA Study — Sleep, 2022 doi
  58. Dose-Response Relationship Between Weight Loss and Improvements in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity After a Diet/Lifestyle Interventions: Secondary Analyses of the "MIMOSA" Randomized Clinical Trial — Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2022 doi
  59. Aging and Androgens: Physiology and Clinical Implications — Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders, 2022 doi
  60. Proposal for Standardizing Normal Insulin Ranges in Brazilian Patients and a New Classification of Metabolic Syndrome — Frontiers in Medicine, 2022 doi
  61. Prostate Health Index Density Outperforms Prostate Health Index in Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Detection — Frontiers in Oncology, 2021 doi
  62. A Weight-Loss Mediterranean Diet/Lifestyle Intervention Ameliorates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Results of the "MIMOSA" Randomized Clinical Trial — European Journal of Nutrition, 2021 doi
  63. The Effectiveness of a Weight-Loss Mediterranean Diet/Lifestyle Intervention in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Results of the "MIMOSA" Randomized Clinical Trial — Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2021 doi
  64. Sleep Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021 doi
  65. Changes in cortisol levels by continuous positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: Meta‐analysis of 637 individuals — Clinical Endocrinology, 2021 doi
  66. Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2021 doi
  67. Effects of Mediterranean Diet on Plasma Metabolites and Their Relationship With Insulin Resistance and Gut Microbiota Composition in a Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial — Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2021 doi
  68. Effects of Dietary Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Data From 33 Randomized Controlled Trials — Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2021 doi
  69. Management of Obesity in Cardiovascular Practice: JACC Focus Seminar — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021 doi
  70. Effect of Partial and Total Sleep Deprivation on Serum Testosterone in Healthy Males: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Sleep Medicine, 2021 doi
  71. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and medical influences on serum testosterone and sex hormone–binding globulin in men from UK Biobank — Clinical Endocrinology, 2021 doi
  72. Testosterone and Exercise: Effects on Fitness, Body Composition, and Strength in Middle-to-Older Aged Men With Low-Normal Serum Testosterone Levels — Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 2021 doi
  73. Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2021 doi
  74. Optimal Threshold of Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance to Identify Metabolic Syndrome in a Chinese Population Aged 45 Years or Younger — Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2021 doi
  75. Post-Finasteride Syndrome: A Surmountable Challenge for Clinicians — Fertility and Sterility, 2020 doi
  76. Diagnosis and Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Review — JAMA, 2020 doi
  77. Educational, Supportive and Behavioural Interventions to Improve Usage of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Machines in Adults With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020 doi
  78. Influence of Dietary Sources of Melatonin on Sleep Quality: A Review — Journal of Food Science, 2020 doi
  79. Omega-3 Fatty Acids for the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020 doi
  80. Colon-Delivered Short-Chain Fatty Acids Attenuate the Cortisol Response to Psychosocial Stress in Healthy Men: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial — Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2020 doi
  81. The Association Between Popular Diets and Serum Testosterone Among Men in the United States — The Journal of Urology, 2020 doi
  82. Lipid Management in Patients With Endocrine Disorders: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2020 doi
  83. Physical Activity for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Obstruction — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2019 doi
  84. Positional Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2019 doi
  85. Clinical Use of the STOP-BANG Questionnaire to Determine Postoperative Risk in Veterans — The Laryngoscope, 2019 doi
  86. Psychotropic Effects of -Theanine and Its Clinical Properties: From the Management of Anxiety and Stress to a Potential Use in Schizophrenia — Pharmacological Research, 2019 doi
  87. Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2019 doi
  88. Weight Loss and Lifestyle Interventions for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2019 doi
  89. A Clinical Perspective of Sleep and Andrological Health: Assessment, Treatment Considerations, and Future Research — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2019 doi
  90. Effects of CPAP on Testosterone Levels in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis Study — Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2019 doi
  91. Effects of different exercise training programs on body composition: A randomized control trial — Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2019 doi
  92. Omega-3 Fatty Acids for the Management of Hypertriglyceridemia: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2019 doi
  93. Associations Between Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) and Routinely Examined Parameters in Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome — Physiological Research, 2019 doi
  94. Vitamin D and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Sleep Medicine, 2018 doi
  95. The Role of Weight Management in the Treatment of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea — American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2018 doi
  96. Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress Even Without Weight Loss in Men With Prediabetes — Cell Metabolism, 2018 doi
  97. Evaluation and Management of Testosterone Deficiency: AUA Guideline — The Journal of Urology, 2018 doi
  98. Testosterone Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2018 doi
  99. Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism in Men With Diabesity — Diabetes Care, 2018 doi
  100. Evidence of the Impact of Diet, Fluid Intake, Caffeine, Alcohol and Tobacco on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Systematic Review — The Journal of Urology, 2017 doi
  101. An Update on the Various Practical Applications of the STOP-Bang Questionnaire in Anesthesia, Surgery, and Perioperative Medicine — Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology, 2017 doi
  102. Diet and Exercise in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Cardiovascular Disease Risk — European Respiratory Review : An Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2017 doi
  103. Clinical Practice Guideline for Diagnostic Testing for Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline — Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2017 doi
  104. Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Insulin Resistance in Humans: A Systematic Review — Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2017 doi
  105. Interactions Between Medications Employed in Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Food - A Short Review — Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie, 2016 doi
  106. The Percentage of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Isoform [-2]proPSA and the Prostate Health Index Improve the Diagnostic Accuracy for Clinically Relevant Prostate Cancer at Initial and Repeat Biopsy Compared With Total PSA and Percentage Free PSA in Men Aged ≤65 Years — BJU International, 2016 doi
  107. Characteristics of Men Who Report Persistent Sexual Symptoms After Finasteride Use for Hair Loss — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2016 doi
  108. Efficacy of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Patients With OSA With Erectile Dysfunction and Low Sex Hormone Levels — Respiratory Medicine, 2016 doi
  109. Sleep Apnoea and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Men and Women: Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure — The European Respiratory Journal, 2016 doi
  110. STOP-Bang Questionnaire: A Practical Approach to Screen for Obstructive Sleep Apnea — Chest, 2016 doi
  111. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials on the Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Control — Pharmacological Research, 2016 doi
  112. Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Glucose Metabolism in People With or at Risk of Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trials — European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2016 doi
  113. Hypomagnesemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Vicious Circle? — Diabetes, 2016 doi
  114. Physical Activity/Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association — Diabetes Care, 2016 doi
  115. Increased Physical Activity Has a Greater Effect Than Reduced Energy Intake on Lifestyle Modification-Induced Increases in Testosterone — Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 2016 doi
  116. What Do We Know About Phytotherapy of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia? — Life Sciences, 2015 doi
  117. Physical Activity and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia-Related Outcomes and Nocturia — Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2015 doi
  118. The Sleep-Promoting and Hypothermic Effects of Glycine Are Mediated by NMDA Receptors in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus — Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015 doi
  119. Nutrients other than carbohydrates: their effects on glucose homeostasis in humans — Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 2015 doi
  120. Protective Effects of the Mediterranean Diet on Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome — The Journal of Nutrition, 2015 doi
  121. Prevention and Early Detection of Prostate Cancer — Oncology, 2014 doi
  122. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A New Metabolic Disease of the Aging Male and Its Correlation with Sexual Dysfunctions — International Journal of Endocrinology, 2014 doi
  123. The role of cherries in exercise and health — Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2014 doi
  124. Efficacy of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Testosterone in Men With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis — PloS One, 2014 doi
  125. Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From theAmerican College of Physicians — Annals of Internal Medicine, 2014 doi
  126. The Interplay between Magnesium and Testosterone in Modulating Physical Function in Men — International Journal of Endocrinology, 2014 doi
  127. Obesity and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Clinical Connections, Emerging Etiological Paradigms and Future Directions — The Journal of Urology, 2013 doi
  128. Intake of Caffeinated, Carbonated, or Citrus Beverage Types and Development of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men and Women — American Journal of Epidemiology, 2013 doi
  129. Multicenter Evaluation of [-2]proprostate-Specific Antigen and the Prostate Health Index for Detecting Prostate Cancer — Clinical Chemistry, 2013 doi
  130. Serenoa Repens, Lycopene and Selenium: A Triple Therapeutic Approach to Manage Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia — Current Medicinal Chemistry, 2013 doi
  131. Melatonin ameliorates endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and systemic hypertension in rats with chronic intermittent hypoxia — Journal of Pineal Research, 2013 doi
  132. Restoring the Salivary Cortisol Awakening Response Through Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea — Chronobiology International, 2013 doi
  133. Age-Associated Changes in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Function in Middle-Aged and Older Men Are Modified by Weight Change and Lifestyle Factors: Longitudinal Results From the European Male Ageing Study — European Journal of Endocrinology, 2013 doi
  134. Lycopene for the Prevention and Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review — Maturitas, 2012 doi
  135. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2012 doi
  136. Activation of AMP-activated Protein Kinase by 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) Is Associated With Human Prostate Cancer Cell Death in Vitro and in Vivo — PloS One, 2012 doi
  137. American Cancer Society Guidelines on Nutrition and Physical Activity for Cancer Prevention: Reducing the Risk of Cancer With Healthy Food Choices and Physical Activity — CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 2012 doi
  138. Effect of Tart Cherry Juice (Prunus Cerasus) on Melatonin Levels and Enhanced Sleep Quality — European Journal of Nutrition, 2012 doi
  139. High STOP-Bang Score Indicates a High Probability of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea — British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2012 doi
  140. New Therapeutic Strategy for Amino Acid Medicine: Glycine Improves the Quality of Sleep — Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 2012 doi
  141. Effect of Increasing Doses of Saw Palmetto Extract on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Randomized Trial — JAMA, 2011 doi
  142. Orexin Neurons Receive Glycinergic Innervations — PloS One, 2011 doi
  143. Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Testosterone Levels of Athletes and Sedentary Subjects at Rest and After Exhaustion — Biological Trace Element Research, 2011 doi
  144. The Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components: A Meta-Analysis of 50 Studies and 534,906 Individuals — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2011 doi
  145. Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2011 doi
  146. Obesity and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Clinical Connections, Emerging Etiological Paradigms and Future Directions — The Journal of Urology, 2009 doi
  147. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2009 doi
  148. Multiple Biomarkers and Their Relative Contributions to Identifying Metabolic Syndrome — Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry, 2009 doi
  149. Educating Patients About Lifestyle Modifications for Prostate Health — The American Journal of Medicine, 2008 doi
  150. Lycopene Inhibits Disease Progression in Patients With Benign Prostate Hyperplasia — The Journal of Nutrition, 2008 doi
  151. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane and Genistein Decrease the Adverse Effects of Estrogen in LNCaP and PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells — The Journal of Nutrition, 2008 doi
  152. Race/Ethnicity, Obesity, Health Related Behaviors and the Risk of Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Results From the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial — The Journal of Urology, 2007 doi
  153. Insulin Resistance, the Metabolic Syndrome, and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease: A Population-Based Study — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2007 doi
  154. Indole-3-Carbinol and Prostate Cancer — The Journal of Nutrition, 2004 doi
  155. Plant-Derived 3,3'-Diindolylmethane Is a Strong Androgen Antagonist in Human Prostate Cancer Cells — The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2003 doi
  156. Pygeum Africanum for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2002 doi
  157. Prostate-Specific–Antigen Testing for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2001 doi
  158. Beta-Sitosterols for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2000 doi
  159. Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial of Beta-Sitosterol in Patients With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia — Lancet (London, England), 1995 doi
  160. Neuroendocrine Dysfunction in Sleep Apnea: Reversal by Continuous Positive Airways Pressure Therapy — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1989 doi

La solidez de esta evidencia varía: hay grandes revisiones y metaanálisis, y también estudios pequeños aislados. Los pasos del artículo son medidas sencillas de autocuidado de bajo riesgo, no un tratamiento, y pueden no servir para todos.

Esto es información general, no una prescripción. Las pruebas y el tratamiento los decide un médico.

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