Análisis para hombres después de los 40: la testosterona y lo que importa más
Muchos hombres quieren empezar por las «hormonas»: hacerse la testosterona y ver la respuesta en una cifra. Pero los análisis más útiles después de los 40 tratan de otra cosa: del corazón, los vasos sanguíneos y el metabolismo. Son los que detectan lo que durante años no duele y luego decide mucho.
La testosterona: cómo hacerse el análisis sin que te engañe
- Por la mañana. El nivel cambia durante el día, así que lo que cuenta es el análisis de la mañana.
- Dos veces. Un solo análisis dice poco: la testosterona baja se valora solo con dos resultados de la mañana y junto con un médico.
- No estando enfermo. Un resfriado, la gripe o cualquier enfermedad aguda bajan la testosterona de forma pasajera, y el resultado engaña.
Y recuerda: la testosterona baja después de los 40 muestra más a menudo que el cuerpo lo está pasando mal que ser ella la causa. Más en el artículo «Andropausia: qué le pasa de verdad al hombre después de los 40».
Conocer tus cifras: lo principal para el corazón y el metabolismo
- La tensión arterial: con regularidad, con un tensiómetro de brazo validado.
- El azúcar: glucosa en ayunas o HbA1c.
- Los lípidos y, si es posible, la ApoB: muestra con más precisión que el «colesterol malo» de siempre las partículas peligrosas para los vasos.
- La Lp(a): basta con hacerla una vez en la vida. Es hereditaria y está alta en aproximadamente una de cada cinco personas.
- La hs-CRP: un indicador de inflamación de fondo, si la pide el médico. Referencias: menos de 1, de 1 a 3, más de 3 mg/L. Si es mayor de 10, lo más probable es que haya una infección aguda: el análisis se repite a las 2–3 semanas. Una sola medición no es fiable.
Si tu riesgo cardiaco es intermedio, el médico puede proponerte el calcio de las arterias coronarias (CAC), una prueba corta que ayuda a decidir si necesitas una estatina.
Qué más, según la edad y las señales
- Cribado del cáncer de colon, desde los 45 años. Una colonoscopia o un análisis de heces. Ninguna dieta ni suplemento lo sustituye.
- El PSA es una decisión personal que se toma junto con un médico. Hay beneficio, pero también bastantes preocupaciones y pruebas innecesarias. Si hay cáncer de próstata en tu familia, coméntalo antes.
- La tiroides: sus enfermedades son raras en los hombres, por eso la TSH se hace ante señales y cuando la pide el médico. La biotina de los suplementos «para pelo y uñas» altera el resultado: se deja unos días antes.
Lo que no hace falta analizar
- El cortisol «para comprobar el estrés». Es un análisis para enfermedades concretas, no para cómo te sientes: en un hombre cansado da falsas alarmas.
- Los tests de microbioma de pago. La misma muestra da respuestas distintas en laboratorios distintos.
- Un sensor de glucosa «para optimizar» si tu azúcar es normal: las subidas después de comer son normales en las personas sanas, y el sensor solo añade preocupación.
¿Y el reloj y el anillo?
Dan tendencias y avisos, pero no ven las placas en las arterias ni el colesterol, y no miden la tensión de forma fiable. Merece la pena enseñar al médico un aviso de ritmo irregular. Pero no recibir avisos no descarta nada: ni problemas de ritmo ni apnea. Un panel «perfecto» no sustituye a los análisis.
Qué probar esta semana
- Medirte la tensión en casa, por la mañana y por la noche, dos o tres días seguidos.
- Buscar tus últimos análisis: qué de la lista ya tienes y qué falta.
- Hacer una lista para el médico con lo que quieres comentar.
En qué se basa
Este artículo se basa en temas de la base de conocimiento de VIA-L. Estos son los estudios publicados que hay detrás:
- What to Know About the New Lipid Guidelines — JAMA, 2026 doi
- Traditional and Emerging Lipid Markers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Young vs Older Adults — JAMA Network Open, 2026 doi
- Would you like to explore the 2026 ACC/AHA guideline recommendations for specific LDL-C and ApoB treatment targets across different risk categories, including the evidence for very aggressive LDL-C lowering (2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2026 doi
- 2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines — 2026 doi
- 2026 Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — 2026 doi
- Testosterone and Bone Health in Men — Current Osteoporosis Reports, 2026 doi
- Hormonal Modulation With Withania Somnifera: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled Trials — Planta Medica, 2026 doi
- Key Findings on the Efficacy and Safety of Testosterone Therapy From Two Large Randomized Trials — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2026 doi
- Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Adults — JAMA, 2026 doi
- Dietary Patterns Associated With Anti-Inflammatory Effects: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses — Nutrition Reviews, 2026 doi
- Impact of a Longer-Term Physical Activity Intervention on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Older People With Metabolic Syndrome — Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026 doi
- Effects of Bathtub Bathing and Sauna Practices on Cardiovascular and Systemic Health: A Narrative Review — International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2026 doi
Ver todos (131)
- What Is a Cardiac CT Calcium Score? — JAMA, 2025 doi
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- Alcohol Use and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2025 doi
- Safety of 12-Months Administration of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) Standardized Root Extract in Healthy Adults: A Prospective, Observational Study — Phytotherapy Research : PTR, 2025 doi
- Evaluation of Potential Hormonal Activities of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) — Phytotherapy Research : PTR, 2025 doi
- Dietary Patterns and Testosterone Balance: A Review of Clinical Data and Perspectives — Journal of Advanced Research, 2025 doi
- Testosterone Treatment in Middle-Aged and Older Men with Hypogonadism — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2025 doi
- Semaglutide improved sperm morphology in obese men with type 2 diabetes mellitus and functional hypogonadism — Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, 2025 doi
- Inflammatory Markers After Supplementation With Marine N-3 or Plant N-6 PUFAs: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Study — Journal of Lipid Research, 2025 doi
- Effects of Various Exercise Types on Inflammatory Response in Individuals With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — International Journal of Obesity (2005), 2025 doi
- Mediterranean Diet Reduces Inflammation in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Nutrition Reviews, 2025 doi
- The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Three Different Dietary Supplement Interventions — Journal of Translational Medicine, 2025 doi
- Effects of Cold-Water Immersion on Health and Wellbeing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — PloS One, 2025 doi
- 2024 Guideline for the Primary Prevention of Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association — 2024 doi
- Associations of Testosterone and Related Hormones With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Men : Individual Participant Data Meta-Analyses — Annals of Internal Medicine, 2024 doi
- Male Hypogonadism: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management — Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2024 doi
- Dietary Fat Quality and Serum Androgen Concentrations in Middle-Aged Men — European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2024 doi
- Do "Testosterone Boosters" Really Increase Serum Total Testosterone? A Systematic Review — International Journal of Impotence Research, 2024 doi
- Testosterone Treatment and Fractures in Men with Hypogonadism — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2024 doi
- Effect of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Sexual Function and Hypogonadal Symptoms in Men With Hypogonadism — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2024 doi
- Depressive Syndromes in Men With Hypogonadism in the TRAVERSE Trial: Response to Testosterone-Replacement Therapy — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2024 doi
- Effects of Resveratrol on the Anthropometric Indices and Inflammatory Markers: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis — European Journal of Nutrition, 2024 doi
- The Effects of Curcumin Supplementation on Biomarkers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Endothelial Function: A Meta-Analysis of Meta-Analyses — Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, 2024 doi
- Effectiveness of Stress Management Interventions to Change Cortisol Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2024 doi
- Effects of Polyphenols on Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Markers in Individuals With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2024 doi
- Understanding How Pre- And Probiotics Affect the Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Health — Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2024 doi
- 2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines — 2023 doi
- Cardiovascular Safety of Testosterone-Replacement Therapy — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2023 doi
- Increasing Equity of Physical Activity Promotion for Optimal Cardiovascular Health in Adults: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2023 doi
- Novel Prediction Equations for Absolute Risk Assessment of Total Cardiovascular Disease Incorporating Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2023 doi
- Prostate Safety Events During Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism: A Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Network Open, 2023 doi
- Correlation Between Serum Zinc and Testosterone: A Systematic Review — Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2023 doi
- The Effects of Sleep Deprivation and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome on Male Reproductive Function: A Multi-Arm Randomised Trial — Journal of Sleep Research, 2023 doi
- Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Standardized Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) Root Extract (Witholytin®) in Adults Experiencing High Stress and Fatigue in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial — Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2023 doi
- Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Curcumin/Turmeric Supplementation in Adults: A GRADE-assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Cytokine, 2023 doi
- Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Polyphenols in Adipose Tissue: Role of Gut Microbiota, Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Zinc Homeostasis — The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2023 doi
- AASLD Practice Guidance on the Clinical Assessment and Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease — Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2023 doi
- The Association between Inflammation, Testosterone and SHBG in men: A cross‐sectional Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis — Clinical Endocrinology, 2023 doi
- Profiling Inflammatory Biomarkers Following Curcumin Supplementation: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials — Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, 2023 doi
- Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force — JAMA, 2022 doi
- Statin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement — JAMA, 2022 doi
- Role of Coronary Artery Calcium Testing for Risk Assessment in Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Review — JAMA Cardiology, 2022 doi
- Association of Habitual Alcohol Intake With Risk of Cardiovascular Disease — JAMA Network Open, 2022 doi
- Comparison of American and European Guidelines for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: JACC Guideline Comparison — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2022 doi
- Life's Essential 8: Updating and Enhancing the American Heart Association's Construct of Cardiovascular Health: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2022 doi
- Sleep, testosterone and cortisol balance, and ageing men — Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders, 2022 doi
- Aging and Androgens: Physiology and Clinical Implications — Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders, 2022 doi
- Effects of Exercise Training on Anabolic and Catabolic Hormones with Advanced Age: A Systematic Review — Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2022 doi
- Nonpharmacological Interventions for the Management of Testosterone and Sperm Parameters: A Scoping Review — Clinical Therapeutics, 2022 doi
- Examining the Effects of Calorie Restriction on Testosterone Concentrations in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Nutrition Reviews, 2022 doi
- Efficacy of the Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Inflammatory Biomarkers: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis — International Immunopharmacology, 2022 doi
- The Influence of Ambient Temperature Changes on the Indicators of Inflammation and Oxidative Damage in Blood After Submaximal Exercise — Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2022 doi
- Nutraceuticals in the Management of Dyslipidemia: Which, When, and for Whom? Could Nutraceuticals Help Low-Risk Individuals With Non-Optimal Lipid Levels? — Current Atherosclerosis Reports, 2021 doi
- Coronary Artery Calcium: Where Do We Stand After Over 3 Decades? — The American Journal of Medicine, 2021 doi
- Cardiovascular Impact of Nutritional Supplementation With Omega-3 Fatty Acids: JACC Focus Seminar — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021 doi
- 2021 Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — 2021 doi
- Physical Activity as a Critical Component of First-Line Treatment for Elevated Blood Pressure or Cholesterol: Who, What, and How?: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — : 1979), 2021 doi
- Effect of Partial and Total Sleep Deprivation on Serum Testosterone in Healthy Males: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Sleep Medicine, 2021 doi
- Examining the Effects of Herbs on Testosterone Concentrations in Men: A Systematic Review — Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2021 doi
- Sociodemographic, lifestyle and medical influences on serum testosterone and sex hormone–binding globulin in men from UK Biobank — Clinical Endocrinology, 2021 doi
- Testosterone and Exercise: Effects on Fitness, Body Composition, and Strength in Middle-to-Older Aged Men With Low-Normal Serum Testosterone Levels — Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 2021 doi
- Serum or Plasma Ferritin Concentration as an Index of Iron Deficiency and Overload — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2021 doi
- Recovering Body Temperature From Acute Cold Stress Is Associated With Delayed Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in Vivo — Cytokine, 2021 doi
- Exercise Tolls the Bell for Key Mediators of Low-Grade Inflammation in Dysmetabolic Conditions — Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, 2021 doi
- Effect of Resveratrol on Inflammatory Cytokines: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — European Journal of Pharmacology, 2021 doi
- Omega-3 Supplementation and Stress Reactivity of Cellular Aging Biomarkers: An Ancillary Substudy of a Randomized, Controlled Trial in Midlife Adults — Molecular Psychiatry, 2021 doi
- Residual Effects of Short-Term Whole-Body Cold-Water Immersion on the Cytokine Profile, White Blood Cell Count, and Blood Markers of Stress — International Journal of Hyperthermia : The Official Journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group, 2021 doi
- Optimal Serum Ferritin Level Range: Iron Status Measure and Inflammatory Biomarker — Metallomics : Integrated Biometal Science, 2021 doi
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Oral Supplementation With Curcumin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Nutrition Reviews, 2021 doi
- Long‐term magnesium supplementation improves glucocorticoid metabolism: A post‐hoc analysis of an intervention trial — Clinical Endocrinology, 2021 doi
- The Role of Exercise Training on Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation in Adults With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review — International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021 doi
- Hyperferritinemia-a Clinical Overview — Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021 doi
- Effect of Bergamot on Lipid Profile in Humans: A Systematic Review — Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2020 doi
- Reviewing the Evidence on Vitamin D Supplementation in the Management of Testosterone Status and Its Effects on Male Reproductive System (Testis and Prostate): Mechanistically Dazzling but Clinically Disappointing — Clinical Therapeutics, 2020 doi
- Age and Time-of-Day Differences in the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Testicular, and Adrenal, Response to Total Overnight Sleep Deprivation — Sleep, 2020 doi
- The Association Between Popular Diets and Serum Testosterone Among Men in the United States — The Journal of Urology, 2020 doi
- A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial of Sleep Health Education on Body Composition Changes Following 10 Weeks' Resistance Exercise — The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 2020 doi
- Colon-Delivered Short-Chain Fatty Acids Attenuate the Cortisol Response to Psychosocial Stress in Healthy Men: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial — Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2020 doi
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- Effects of a New Combination of Medical Food on Endothelial Function and Lipid Profile in Dyslipidemic Subjects: A Pilot Randomized Trial — BioMed Research International, 2019 doi
- 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines — 2019 doi
- Effects of Nutritional Supplements and Dietary Interventions on Cardiovascular Outcomes: An Umbrella Review and Evidence Map — Annals of Internal Medicine, 2019 doi
- Causal Link Between Vitamin D and Total Testosterone in Men: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2019 doi
- A Clinical Perspective of Sleep and Andrological Health: Assessment, Treatment Considerations, and Future Research — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2019 doi
- Can Resveratrol Supplement Change Inflammatory Mediators? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Randomized Clinical Trials — European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2019 doi
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- Effect of Resveratrol Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Clinical Therapeutics, 2018 doi
- Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Dysregulations in Biological Stress Systems — Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2018 doi
- Longitudinal Associations of Sauna Bathing With Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: The KIHD Prospective Cohort Study — Annals of Medicine, 2018 doi
- Endotoxin-Initiated Inflammation Reduces Testosterone Production in Men of Reproductive Age — Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2018 doi
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- Metabolic and hormonal effects of ‘catch‐up’ sleep in men with chronic, repetitive, lifestyle‐driven sleep restriction — Clinical Endocrinology, 2015 doi
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La solidez de esta evidencia varía: hay grandes revisiones y metaanálisis, y también estudios pequeños aislados. Los pasos del artículo son medidas sencillas de autocuidado de bajo riesgo, no un tratamiento, y pueden no servir para todos.
Esto es información general, no una prescripción. Qué análisis hacer lo decide un médico.