Coffee before lunch, no evening alcohol, early dinner: why it works

3 min read

This is one of the simplest steps in the "Focus of the week" and one of the most effective for sleep. It isn't about adding something — it's about removing three things that quietly ruin the night.

Why it works

Coffee keeps stress hormones high. The body partly gets used to the morning cup, but afternoon coffee keeps pushing stress hormones and cuts deep sleep. The cut-off is early in the day: the last cup 8 or more hours before bed.

Alcohol hits three times. It relaxes the throat muscles and makes snoring and apnea worse, lowers testosterone and cuts the second half of the night. A "nightcap" helps you fall asleep, but it makes sleep worse rather than fixing it. Even two glasses.

A late dinner works against the body. In the evening the body handles sugar less well, so the main meal is better earlier. The last heavy meal — three hours before bed.

How to do it

Coffee and strong tea — only in the first half of the day. After that — water, herbal tea, decaf.
Evening alcohol — a one-week pause. Not forever, just for a week — to see the difference for yourself.
Dinner — three hours before bed. The main meal during the day, something lighter in the evening.

What can get in the way

The habit of "coffee after lunch so I don't nod off". Instead — a 10-minute walk outside.
A beer or a glass "to unwind". Try a replacement ritual: a warm shower, a walk, slow breathing.
Getting home late from work. Then — a light dinner, and the main meal earlier, during the day.

What to expect

Look at a week, not one night: how quickly you fall asleep, how many times you wake up, how you feel in the morning. If your partner has noticed snoring — ask whether it has got quieter. Log your sleep in VIA-L.

Who this step helps

People with poor sleep, snoring, morning grogginess and low energy. It works well together with the step "Same wake-up time and morning light".

What this is based on

This article is based on topics from the VIA-L knowledge base. These are the published studies behind them:

Impact of an Interdisciplinary Weight Loss and Lifestyle Intervention on Testosterone and Scores for Sexual Activity on the FOSQ in Men With Obesity and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Secondary Analyses of Data From the INTERAPNEA Randomized Trial — Maturitas, 2026 doi
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Novel Antidiabetic Agents in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Network Meta-Analysis — Respiratory Medicine, 2026 doi
Glucagon-Like Receptor Agonists and Next-Generation Incretin-Based Medications: Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Renal Benefits — Lancet (London, England), 2026 doi
Nutritional Modulators of Sleep: A Narrative Review of Vitamins, Minerals, Amino Acids, and Their Neurobiological and Chronoepigenetic Mechanisms — Chronobiology International, 2026 doi
Impact of GLP-1 and Dual Agonists on the Incidence Of new Cases of Physician-Reported Sleep Apnea: A Real-World Study — Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 2026 doi
Dietary Protocols to Promote and Improve Restful Sleep: A Narrative Review — Nutrition Reviews, 2026 doi
The Role of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and CPAP Therapy in the Functional Hypogonadism of Male Patients With Severe Obesity — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2026 doi
A Digital Mindfulness Intervention Improves Sleep Efficiency and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults — Scientific Reports, 2026 doi
Hormonal Modulation With Withania Somnifera: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled Trials — Planta Medica, 2026 doi
Effect of Acute Exercise on the Dynamics of Testosterone Levels: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials — PeerJ, 2026 doi
Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Adults — JAMA, 2026 doi
The Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Α Gene Expression, and DNA Damage in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial — Biological Trace Element Research, 2026 doi

Show all (161)

Do the Effects of Early Time-Restricted Eating Vary by Cardiometabolic Phenotype, Age, Sex, or Race? A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial — The Journal of Nutrition, 2026 doi
Efficacy of Exercise-Based Interventions for Metabolic Syndrome: An Umbrella Review With Meta-Analyses — Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2026 doi
4 — Diabetes Care, 2026 doi
Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea — JAMA Internal Medicine, 2025 doi
Unraveling the Connection Between the Mediterranean Diet and Sleep Health: From Biological Mechanisms to Clinical Implications — Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2025 doi
Magnesium Is a Key Trace Element in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization Analysis and NHANES Database — Respiratory Medicine, 2025 doi
The Effects of L-Theanine Consumption on Sleep Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2025 doi
Efficacy of Incretin-Based Therapies in Obesity-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2025 doi
Examining the Effect of L-Theanine on Sleep: A Systematic Review of Dietary Supplementation Trials — Nutritional Neuroscience, 2025 doi
The Effect of Mediterranean Diet and Chrononutrition on Sleep Quality: A Scoping Review — Nutrition Journal, 2025 doi
Safety of 12-Months Administration of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) Standardized Root Extract in Healthy Adults: A Prospective, Observational Study — Phytotherapy Research : PTR, 2025 doi
Evaluation of Potential Hormonal Activities of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) — Phytotherapy Research : PTR, 2025 doi
An Integrative Approach to HPA Axis Dysfunction: From Recognition to Recovery — The American Journal of Medicine, 2025 doi
Dietary Patterns and Testosterone Balance: A Review of Clinical Data and Perspectives — Journal of Advanced Research, 2025 doi
L-Theanine: From Tea Leaf to Trending Supplement - Does the Science Match the Hype for Brain Health and Relaxation? — Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.), 2025 doi
Longitudinal Evaluation of Reproductive Endocrine Function in Men With ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2025 doi
Effects of Testosterone Deficiency and Therapy on the Cardiometabolic Syndrome in Men — The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2025 doi
The Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Patients — Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2025 doi
Metabolic Effects of Testosterone Added to Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in Older Men With Obesity and Hypogonadism — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2025 doi
Efficacy and Safety of Berberine on the Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials — Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2025 doi
Treatment of OSA and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease, Part 2: JACC State-of-the-Art Review — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2024 doi
Sleep Disorders — NEJM Evidence, 2024 doi
Tirzepatide for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2024 doi
Exploring the Link Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Review — Journal of Sleep Research, 2024 doi
Shoden Promotes Relief From Stress and Anxiety: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on Healthy Subjects With High Stress Levels — Heliyon, 2024 doi
Effectiveness of Stress Management Interventions to Change Cortisol Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2024 doi
Prevalence and Outcome of Secondary Hypogonadism in Male Patients With Cushing's Syndrome and Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion — European Journal of Endocrinology, 2024 doi
Effect of Testosterone on Progression From Prediabetes to Diabetes in Men With Hypogonadism: A Substudy of the TRAVERSE Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Internal Medicine, 2024 doi
Chromium Supplementation and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Extensive Systematic Review — Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2024 doi
The Effect of Berberine Supplementation on Glycemic Control and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Metabolic Disorders: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — Clinical Therapeutics, 2024 doi
Intermittent Fasting and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Randomised Controlled Trials — EClinicalMedicine, 2024 doi
Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Factors of a Low- Vs High-Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet in High Cardiometabolic Risk Individuals: The MEDGI-Carb Study — European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2024 doi
Effects of Various Exercise Types on Visceral Adipose Tissue in Individuals With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 84 Randomized Controlled Trials — Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2024 doi
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Serum Total Testosterone: A System Review and Meta-Analysis — Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2023 doi
The Role of Magnesium in Sleep Health: A Systematic Review of Available Literature — Biological Trace Element Research, 2023 doi
Sustained Improvements in the Cardiometabolic Profile of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea After a Weight-Loss Mediterranean Diet/Lifestyle Intervention: 12-Month Follow-Up (6 Months Post-Intervention) of the "MIMOSA" Randomized Clinical Trial — Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD, 2023 doi
The Effects of Sleep Deprivation and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome on Male Reproductive Function: A Multi-Arm Randomised Trial — Journal of Sleep Research, 2023 doi
Nutritional Modulation of Sleep Latency, Duration, and Efficiency: A Randomized, Repeated-Measures, Double-Blind Deception Study — Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 2023 doi
Cushing Syndrome: A Review — JAMA, 2023 doi
Diagnosis and Management of Pituitary Adenomas: A Review — JAMA, 2023 doi
Correlation Between Serum Zinc and Testosterone: A Systematic Review — Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2023 doi
Long-Term Green-Mediterranean Diet May Favor Fasting Morning Cortisol Stress Hormone; The DIRECT-PLUS Clinical Trial — Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2023 doi
Metabolic Syndrome and Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study — Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 2023 doi
Overall and Sex-Specific Effect of Berberine on Glycemic and Insulin-Related Traits: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials — The Journal of Nutrition, 2023 doi
AASLD Practice Guidance on the Clinical Assessment and Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease — Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2023 doi
Effect of an Interdisciplinary Weight Loss and Lifestyle Intervention on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity: The INTERAPNEA Randomized Clinical Trial — JAMA Network Open, 2022 doi
Sleep, testosterone and cortisol balance, and ageing men — Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders, 2022 doi
Association of Magnesium Intake With Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality: Findings From the CARDIA Study — Sleep, 2022 doi
Dose-Response Relationship Between Weight Loss and Improvements in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity After a Diet/Lifestyle Interventions: Secondary Analyses of the "MIMOSA" Randomized Clinical Trial — Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2022 doi
Aging and Androgens: Physiology and Clinical Implications — Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders, 2022 doi
Modulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis by Plants and Phytonutrients: A Systematic Review of Human Trials — Nutritional Neuroscience, 2022 doi
Effects of Resistance Training Intensity on Heart Rate Variability at Rest and in Response to Orthostasis in Middle-Aged and Older Adults — International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022 doi
Proposal for Standardizing Normal Insulin Ranges in Brazilian Patients and a New Classification of Metabolic Syndrome — Frontiers in Medicine, 2022 doi
A Weight-Loss Mediterranean Diet/Lifestyle Intervention Ameliorates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Results of the "MIMOSA" Randomized Clinical Trial — European Journal of Nutrition, 2021 doi
The Effectiveness of a Weight-Loss Mediterranean Diet/Lifestyle Intervention in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Results of the "MIMOSA" Randomized Clinical Trial — Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2021 doi
Sleep Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021 doi
Changes in cortisol levels by continuous positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: Meta‐analysis of 637 individuals — Clinical Endocrinology, 2021 doi
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2021 doi
Effect of magnesium and vitamin B6 supplementation on mental health and quality of life in stressed healthy adults: Post‐hoc analysis of a randomised controlled trial — Stress and Health : Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 2021 doi
Effects of Health Behavior Interventions on Psychosocial Outcomes and Cortisol Regulation Among Chronically Stressed Midlife and Older Adults — International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2021 doi
Effect of Partial and Total Sleep Deprivation on Serum Testosterone in Healthy Males: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Sleep Medicine, 2021 doi
Consensus on Diagnosis and Management of Cushing's Disease: A Guideline Update — Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2021 doi
Omega-3 Supplementation and Stress Reactivity of Cellular Aging Biomarkers: An Ancillary Substudy of a Randomized, Controlled Trial in Midlife Adults — Molecular Psychiatry, 2021 doi
Long‐term magnesium supplementation improves glucocorticoid metabolism: A post‐hoc analysis of an intervention trial — Clinical Endocrinology, 2021 doi
Effects of Mediterranean Diet on Plasma Metabolites and Their Relationship With Insulin Resistance and Gut Microbiota Composition in a Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial — Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2021 doi
Effects of Dietary Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Data From 33 Randomized Controlled Trials — Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2021 doi
Management of Obesity in Cardiovascular Practice: JACC Focus Seminar — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021 doi
Sociodemographic, lifestyle and medical influences on serum testosterone and sex hormone–binding globulin in men from UK Biobank — Clinical Endocrinology, 2021 doi
Testosterone and Exercise: Effects on Fitness, Body Composition, and Strength in Middle-to-Older Aged Men With Low-Normal Serum Testosterone Levels — Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 2021 doi
Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2021 doi
Optimal Threshold of Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance to Identify Metabolic Syndrome in a Chinese Population Aged 45 Years or Younger — Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2021 doi
Diagnosis and Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Review — JAMA, 2020 doi
Educational, Supportive and Behavioural Interventions to Improve Usage of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Machines in Adults With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020 doi
Influence of Dietary Sources of Melatonin on Sleep Quality: A Review — Journal of Food Science, 2020 doi
The Effects of Green Tea Amino Acid L-Theanine Consumption on the Ability to Manage Stress and Anxiety Levels: A Systematic Review — Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 2020 doi
Colon-Delivered Short-Chain Fatty Acids Attenuate the Cortisol Response to Psychosocial Stress in Healthy Men: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial — Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2020 doi
Age and Time-of-Day Differences in the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Testicular, and Adrenal, Response to Total Overnight Sleep Deprivation — Sleep, 2020 doi
The Association Between Popular Diets and Serum Testosterone Among Men in the United States — The Journal of Urology, 2020 doi
Glucocorticoids Affect Male Testicular Steroidogenesis — Physiological Research, 2020 doi
Omega-3 Fatty Acids for the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2020 doi
Lipid Management in Patients With Endocrine Disorders: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2020 doi
Positional Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea — The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2019 doi
Clinical Use of the STOP-BANG Questionnaire to Determine Postoperative Risk in Veterans — The Laryngoscope, 2019 doi
Psychotropic Effects of -Theanine and Its Clinical Properties: From the Management of Anxiety and Stress to a Potential Use in Schizophrenia — Pharmacological Research, 2019 doi
Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults — The New England Journal of Medicine, 2019 doi
Weight Loss and Lifestyle Interventions for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Obesity Reviews : An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2019 doi
A Clinical Perspective of Sleep and Andrological Health: Assessment, Treatment Considerations, and Future Research — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2019 doi
Effects of CPAP on Testosterone Levels in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis Study — Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2019 doi
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, and Cortisol Habituation: A Randomized Controlled Trial — Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2019 doi
An Investigation Into the Stress-Relieving and Pharmacological Actions of an Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) Extract: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study — Medicine, 2019 doi
Effects of different exercise training programs on body composition: A randomized control trial — Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2019 doi
Omega-3 Fatty Acids for the Management of Hypertriglyceridemia: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2019 doi
Associations Between Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) and Routinely Examined Parameters in Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome — Physiological Research, 2019 doi
Vitamin D and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Sleep Medicine, 2018 doi
The Role of Weight Management in the Treatment of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea — American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2018 doi
Evaluation and Management of Testosterone Deficiency: AUA Guideline — The Journal of Urology, 2018 doi
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Dysregulations in Biological Stress Systems — Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2018 doi
Testosterone Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2018 doi
Endurance- And Resistance-Trained Men Exhibit Lower Cardiovascular Responses to Psychosocial Stress Than Untrained Men — Frontiers in Psychology, 2018 doi
Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress Even Without Weight Loss in Men With Prediabetes — Cell Metabolism, 2018 doi
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism in Men With Diabesity — Diabetes Care, 2018 doi
An Update on the Various Practical Applications of the STOP-Bang Questionnaire in Anesthesia, Surgery, and Perioperative Medicine — Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology, 2017 doi
Diet and Exercise in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Cardiovascular Disease Risk — European Respiratory Review : An Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2017 doi
Clinical Practice Guideline for Diagnostic Testing for Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline — Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2017 doi
Yoga, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Stress-Related Physiological Measures: A Meta-Analysis — Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2017 doi
Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Insulin Resistance in Humans: A Systematic Review — Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2017 doi
Efficacy of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Patients With OSA With Erectile Dysfunction and Low Sex Hormone Levels — Respiratory Medicine, 2016 doi
Sleep Apnoea and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Men and Women: Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure — The European Respiratory Journal, 2016 doi
STOP-Bang Questionnaire: A Practical Approach to Screen for Obstructive Sleep Apnea — Chest, 2016 doi
Complications of Cushing's Syndrome: State of the Art — Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2016 doi
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials on the Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Control — Pharmacological Research, 2016 doi
Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Glucose Metabolism in People With or at Risk of Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trials — European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2016 doi
Hypomagnesemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Vicious Circle? — Diabetes, 2016 doi
Physical Activity/Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association — Diabetes Care, 2016 doi
Increased Physical Activity Has a Greater Effect Than Reduced Energy Intake on Lifestyle Modification-Induced Increases in Testosterone — Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 2016 doi
The Sleep-Promoting and Hypothermic Effects of Glycine Are Mediated by NMDA Receptors in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus — Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015 doi
Glucocorticoid Regulation of Reproduction — Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2015 doi
Metabolic and hormonal effects of ‘catch‐up’ sleep in men with chronic, repetitive, lifestyle‐driven sleep restriction — Clinical Endocrinology, 2015 doi
Nutrients other than carbohydrates: their effects on glucose homeostasis in humans — Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 2015 doi
Protective Effects of the Mediterranean Diet on Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome — The Journal of Nutrition, 2015 doi
The role of cherries in exercise and health — Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2014 doi
Efficacy of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Testosterone in Men With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis — PloS One, 2014 doi
Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From theAmerican College of Physicians — Annals of Internal Medicine, 2014 doi
Effects of a 12-Week Endurance Training Program on the Physiological Response to Psychosocial Stress in Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial — Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2014 doi
Resistance Training Restores Muscle Sex Steroid Hormone Steroidogenesis in Older Men — FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2014 doi
A Soy-Based Phosphatidylserine/ Phosphatidic Acid Complex (PAS) Normalizes the Stress Reactivity of Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal-Axis in Chronically Stressed Male Subjects: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study — Lipids in Health and Disease, 2014 doi
The Interplay between Magnesium and Testosterone in Modulating Physical Function in Men — International Journal of Endocrinology, 2014 doi
Melatonin ameliorates endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and systemic hypertension in rats with chronic intermittent hypoxia — Journal of Pineal Research, 2013 doi
Restoring the Salivary Cortisol Awakening Response Through Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea — Chronobiology International, 2013 doi
Age-Associated Changes in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Function in Middle-Aged and Older Men Are Modified by Weight Change and Lifestyle Factors: Longitudinal Results From the European Male Ageing Study — European Journal of Endocrinology, 2013 doi
Effect of Tart Cherry Juice (Prunus Cerasus) on Melatonin Levels and Enhanced Sleep Quality — European Journal of Nutrition, 2012 doi
High STOP-Bang Score Indicates a High Probability of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea — British Journal of Anaesthesia, 2012 doi
New Therapeutic Strategy for Amino Acid Medicine: Glycine Improves the Quality of Sleep — Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 2012 doi
Orexin Neurons Receive Glycinergic Innervations — PloS One, 2011 doi
Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Testosterone Levels of Athletes and Sedentary Subjects at Rest and After Exhaustion — Biological Trace Element Research, 2011 doi
The Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components: A Meta-Analysis of 50 Studies and 534,906 Individuals — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2011 doi
Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association — Circulation, 2011 doi
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activation in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2009 doi
Multiple Biomarkers and Their Relative Contributions to Identifying Metabolic Syndrome — Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry, 2009 doi
The Effects of Phosphatidylserine on Endocrine Response to Moderate Intensity Exercise — Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2008 doi
Acute Emotional Stress and Cardiac Arrhythmias — JAMA, 2007 doi
Cortisol secretary pattern and glucocorticoid feedback sensitivity in women from a Mediterranean area: relationship with anthropometric characteristics, dietary intake and plasma fatty acid profile — Clinical Endocrinology, 2007 doi
Insulin Resistance, the Metabolic Syndrome, and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease: A Population-Based Study — Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2007 doi
Effects of Phosphatidylserine Supplementation on Exercising Humans — Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2006 doi
Effects of Soy Lecithin Phosphatidic Acid and Phosphatidylserine Complex (PAS) on the Endocrine and Psychological Responses to Mental Stress — Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2004 doi
Effect of Training Status and Exercise Mode on Endogenous Steroid Hormones in Men — : 1985), 2004 doi
Oral Mg(2+) Supplementation Reverses Age-Related Neuroendocrine and Sleep EEG Changes in Humans — Pharmacopsychiatry, 2002 doi
Blunting by Chronic Phosphatidylserine Administration of the Stress-Induced Activation of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Healthy Men — European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1992 doi
Neuroendocrine Dysfunction in Sleep Apnea: Reversal by Continuous Positive Airways Pressure Therapy — The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1989 doi

The strength of this evidence varies: some are large reviews and meta-analyses, some are small single studies. The steps in the article are simple, low-risk self-care measures, not treatment, and they may not suit everyone.

This is general information, not a prescription.